By E. Clery
Within the eighteenth century, critics of capitalism denounced the expansion of luxurious and effeminacy; supporters applauded the rise of refinement and the enhanced prestige of ladies. This pioneering learn explores the best way the organization of trade and femininity permeated cultural construction. It appears on the first use of a feminine writer as an icon of modernity within the Athenian Mercury, and reappraises works by means of Elizabeth Singer Rowe, Mandeville, Defoe, Pope and Elizabeth Carter. Samuel Richardson's novels symbolize the fruits of the English debate, whereas modern essays by means of David Hume stream in the direction of a fully-fledged enlightenment thought of feminization.
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Extra resources for The Feminization Debate in Eighteenth-Century Britain: Literature, Commerce and Luxury
Sample text
It was a gradual metamorphosis in the direction of a journal in which poetry and sexual politics would take pride of place. Meanwhile, Dunton was meditating new spin-offs. 32 He had also published a polemically feminist Ladies Dictionary. Being a General Entertainer for the Fair-Sex. 10). The next month he placed another advertisement inviting the ‘Pindarick Lady’, among others, to contribute with replies to a project referred to as the Female War (XV: 20), which was to take the form of The Athenian Mercury and the Pindarick Lady 37 letters by a contingent of men attacking every possible point of weakness in female manners, together with equally outspoken defences from women.
Raptures, Transports and Extasies are the Rewards which they confer: Signs and Tears, Prayers and broken Hearts are the Offerings which are paid to them. 38 In No. 87 (Saturday, 9 June 1711) the term is first taken up in connection with coffee-house keepers. An elderly customer complains that ‘six or seven’ such ‘Idols’ are holding sway in establishments known to him, and causing havoc. The youth of each district spend the entire day in adoration, neglecting their studies or their jobs in the custom-house or law courts.
1). The dialogic structure of the periodical was a mechanism for altering minds and manners. ’ Dunton took as his motto lines from Robert Wild’s poem ‘In Nova Fert Animus, &c. or a New Song to an Old Friend from an Old Poet, upon the Hopeful New Parliament’ (1679): 26 The Athenian Mercury and the Pindarick Lady 27 We all are tainted with the Athenian Itch News, and New Things, do the whole World bewitch – In the universal taste for novelty lay the motive for change. The periodical grew out of coffee-house culture and fed into it, with the aid of the Penny Post system founded in 1680.
