By John A. Maksem, Stanley J. Robboy, John W. Bishop, Isabelle Meiers
As in comparison with cytology's use in different organ structures, direct cytological exam of the endometrium isn't really a generally practiced diagnostic method. This quantity highlights endometrial cytology as a good strategy for making sure endometrial normalcy and learning and diagnosing malignant and premalignant states.
Endometrial Cytology with Tissue Correlations covers the heritage, assortment approach, diagnostic standards and pitfalls, in addition to reliability of endometrial cytology.
This quantity, a part of the Essentials in Cytopathology booklet sequence, suits into the lab coat pocket and is perfect for portability and speedy reference. every one quantity within the sequence is seriously illustrated with an entire colour paintings application, whereas the textual content follows a ordinary define format.
John A. Maksem, M.D., is Director of Cytopathology, Orlando health and wellbeing, Orlando, Florida.
Stanley J. Robboy, M.D., is Head of Gynecologic & Obstetrical Pathology, division of Pathology, Duke collage clinical middle, Durham, North Carolina.
John W. Bishop, M.D., is HS medical Professor of Pathology, college of California, Davis, Sacramento, California.
Isabelle Meiers, M.D., is Head of Cytology at college health facility Lewisham, London, United Kingdom.
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Additional info for Endometrial Cytology with Tissue Correlations
Sample text
9. Hysterectomy outcomes of endometrial brushings: decision matrix. Endometrial Cytology Histology “Abnormal +” Histology Normal Totals Cytology “abnormal +” Cytology normal Totals 499 71 570 130 1,413 1,543 629 1,484 2,113 38 4. 10. Hysterectomy outcomes of endometrial brushings: decision matrix. 2% of endometrial cytology increases to 96% and 100% for benign/ atrophic endometrium and adenocarcinoma, respectively, and the diagnostic accuracy for hyperplasia increases to more than 95%. We would add to this that with the addition of p53/Ki-67 immunostaining to cases where nuclear atypia appears in only a small proportion of the collected material, the sticky issue of cytological EIN and EIC/EmGD can oftentimes be resolved.
Normal Endometrium homeostasis during the menstrual cycle by eliminating senescent cells from the functional layer of the uterine endometrium during the late secretory and menstrual phases of the cycle. The endometrium undergoes continuous cyclic changes of cell death and proliferation. Apoptosis is seen in the stromal cells throughout the menstrual cycle, but is scarce in the glands of proliferating endometrium, becoming maximal only in the glands of menstruating endometrium. Morphologically, some glandular cells degenerate into cells with small, round, or oval nuclei with homogeneous, dense chromatin and a moderate amount of well-defined, dense cytoplasm that we interpret as apoptosis.
The few unclassified benign endometria generally represented physiologically unclassifiable postmenopausal states of the endometrium; and, similarly, those cases that showed either cystic glands (6%) or minimally to moderately symplastic nuclei (6%), were classified as benign but abnormal. In summary, about 92% of uteruses with histologically normal endometrium afforded totally normal cytological outcomes. None of the cases was classified as neoplastic. Benign Endometrial Abnormalities The endometria of 355 hysterectomies were benign, disclosing only abnormalities such as disordered proliferation, benign hyperplasia, noncyclical bleeding, or polyp.
